Resveratrol: Food Sources, Grapes, Bioavailability & Human Research

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Resveratrol is a naturally occurring plant polyphenol belonging to the stilbene family. It is best known for its association with grapes and grape-derived foods, although resveratrol-related compounds also occur in peanuts and several other plant foods.

Resveratrol has attracted enormous scientific attention because laboratory and animal studies have investigated pathways involving oxidative stress, inflammation, metabolism, vascular biology, cellular signaling, and aging.

Human research, however, presents a much more complicated picture. Resveratrol is absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract but undergoes rapid metabolism, so very little unchanged resveratrol circulates in the bloodstream after an oral dose.

Clinical trials have tested purified resveratrol at doses far above ordinary food exposure, and results differ substantially by population, dose, formulation, duration, and outcome.

For FruitFast, the most important distinction is simple: research on isolated resveratrol is not the same thing as research on Concord grapes, grape juice, or FruitFast Concord Grape Juice Concentrate.

The Short Answer

Resveratrol is a non-flavonoid polyphenol from the stilbene family found in grapes, grape products, peanuts, and certain other plant foods.

It occurs in multiple chemical forms, including trans-resveratrol, cis-resveratrol, and sugar-bound resveratrol glucosides such as piceid.

After oral intake, resveratrol can be absorbed efficiently but is metabolized so rapidly that the systemic bioavailability of unchanged resveratrol is very low. Sulfate and glucuronide conjugates and microbial metabolites account for much of the measurable exposure.

Nearly 200 human clinical studies of purified resveratrol have been conducted across many research areas, but a 2024 systematic review concluded that the overall clinical evidence does not currently support recommending resveratrol as a treatment for any particular condition.

What Is Resveratrol?

Resveratrol is a naturally occurring phenolic compound with the chemical name 3,5,4′-trihydroxystilbene.

It belongs to the stilbene group of plant polyphenols.

Stilbenes represent a much smaller dietary polyphenol family than flavonoids, but resveratrol has become one of the most intensively studied individual plant compounds.

Plants can produce resveratrol and related stilbenes as part of their response to:

• fungal infection;
• physical injury;
• ultraviolet exposure;
• other environmental stresses; and
• plant-defense signaling.

Compounds produced by plants in response to biological stress are often called phytoalexins.

That plant-defense role does not mean resveratrol automatically performs the same function after a human consumes it.

Is Resveratrol a Flavonoid?

No.

Resveratrol is a non-flavonoid polyphenol belonging to the stilbene family.

It is chemically distinct from flavonoids such as:

• anthocyanins;
• quercetin;
• catechin;
• flavan-3-ols; and
• proanthocyanidins.

Grapes can contain all of these different polyphenol families at the same time.

Learn more about the broader classification system in our Polyphenols in Fruit guide.

Trans-Resveratrol, Cis-Resveratrol & Piceid

The term “resveratrol” can refer to several related chemical forms.

The attached glucose in piceid changes the molecule's chemical properties and influences digestion, absorption, and metabolism.

Is Trans-Resveratrol the Same as Resveratrol?

Not exactly.

“Resveratrol” is often used informally to mean trans-resveratrol because that is the form most commonly used in research and supplements.

But foods can contain:

• trans-resveratrol;
• cis-resveratrol;
• trans-piceid;
• cis-piceid; and
• other related stilbene compounds.

Analytical results therefore depend on which forms a laboratory actually measures.

What Is Piceid?

Piceid is resveratrol attached to glucose.

An analysis of 36 grape juices found that resveratrol glucosides—particularly piceid—were major resveratrol-related forms in the juices tested.

In the red grape juices analyzed, average piceid concentrations were substantially higher than average concentrations of free trans-resveratrol.

That is one reason a measurement of “free resveratrol” can underestimate the broader pool of resveratrol-related compounds in a grape food.

It also demonstrates why food chemistry should not be reduced to a single compound name on a marketing page.

What Foods Contain Resveratrol?

Resveratrol and its glucosides occur in a limited but diverse group of plants.

Well-documented dietary sources include:

• Grapes
• Red and purple grape products
• Grape juice
• Peanuts
• Pistachios
• Cranberries and certain other berries
• Blackberries
• Cocoa and certain cacao products
• Japanese knotweed, used as a concentrated botanical source in some supplements

Red wine is also a widely discussed source, but wine is not equivalent to grapes or grape juice and contains alcohol as well as numerous non-resveratrol compounds.

This page does not recommend alcohol as a strategy for obtaining resveratrol.

Which Foods Are Highest in Resveratrol?

There is no single permanent ranking of foods by resveratrol content.

Reported values vary greatly according to:

• plant species;
• cultivar;
• growing environment;
• fungal and environmental stress;
• fruit maturity;
• skin versus pulp;
• processing;
• light exposure;
• storage;
• whether piceid is measured; and
• analytical method.

Even among grape cultivars, resveratrol-related stilbene concentrations can differ dramatically.

It is therefore more accurate to say that grapes are an established dietary source of resveratrol than to claim that every grape variety or grape product is “high in resveratrol.”

Resveratrol in Grapes

Grapes are the food most strongly associated with resveratrol.

Resveratrol-related stilbenes occur especially in grape skins, although their concentration can vary substantially among grape species and cultivars.

Grapes also contain many compounds that are not resveratrol, including:

• anthocyanins in pigmented grapes;
• flavonols;
• flavan-3-ols;
• proanthocyanidins;
• hydroxycinnamic acids;
• organic acids;
• natural sugars; and
• numerous other plant constituents.

That chemical complexity matters whenever grape research is discussed.

Do Concord Grapes Contain Resveratrol?

Yes. Resveratrol-related compounds have been identified in Vitis labrusca, including Concord grape tissues and Concord grape products.

However, Concord grapes should not simply be described as an unusually high or standardized resveratrol source.

Resveratrol concentration varies according to growing conditions, cultivar, fruit tissue, processing, storage, and analytical method.

And within Concord grape juice, resveratrol is only one small part of a much larger phenolic profile.

Concord Grape Juice Research vs. Resveratrol Research

This distinction is essential for FruitFast.

A clinical trial using Concord grape juice tests the entire grape-juice preparation.

That preparation can contain anthocyanins, flavan-3-ols, proanthocyanidins, flavonols, phenolic acids, resveratrol-related compounds, natural sugars, minerals, organic acids, and other components.

A clinical trial using a capsule containing 500 mg of purified trans-resveratrol tests something fundamentally different.

Therefore:

• a resveratrol supplement trial should not become a Concord grape juice claim;
• a Concord grape juice trial should not automatically be attributed to resveratrol;
• a grape-composition measurement should not be transferred to FruitFast finished concentrate without analysis; and
• a laboratory mechanism involving purified resveratrol should not be presented as a demonstrated effect of grape juice.

Is Resveratrol an Antioxidant?

Resveratrol demonstrates antioxidant and redox activity in laboratory chemical and cellular systems.

It can participate in reactions involving reactive chemical species and can influence cellular pathways involved in oxidative-stress responses.

However, this does not mean orally consumed resveratrol simply enters human tissues unchanged and directly scavenges free radicals throughout the body.

The pharmacokinetic evidence makes that interpretation too simplistic.

After oral intake, resveratrol undergoes extensive metabolism, and circulating sulfate and glucuronide conjugates can greatly exceed concentrations of unchanged resveratrol.

Learn more in our Antioxidants, Free Radicals & Oxidative Stress guide.

How Is Resveratrol Absorbed & Metabolized?

Resveratrol provides a particularly useful example of the difference between absorption and bioavailability.

An influential human pharmacokinetic study administered a 25 mg oral dose of radiolabeled resveratrol to healthy volunteers.

At least approximately 70% of the oral dose was absorbed.

But unchanged resveratrol had extremely low systemic bioavailability because the compound underwent rapid and extensive metabolism.

Major pathways include:

• glucuronidation;
• sulfation;
• conversion into additional phase-II metabolites;
• microbial transformation in the gastrointestinal tract; and
• subsequent urinary and fecal excretion.

What Does “Low Bioavailability” Mean?

Bioavailability refers to the proportion of a compound that reaches systemic circulation in an available form.

For unchanged resveratrol, human oral bioavailability is very low—reported as considerably below 1% in pharmacokinetic reviews.

This does not necessarily mean that oral resveratrol has no biological relevance.

Researchers continue to investigate whether:

• resveratrol conjugates themselves have activity;
• metabolites can regenerate free resveratrol locally;
• gut-microbial metabolites contribute to effects;
• high transient intestinal exposure matters; and
• different formulations alter exposure.

But it does mean that a test-tube experiment using high concentrations of free resveratrol cannot automatically be assumed to reproduce human exposure after a food or supplement is swallowed.

What Role Does the Gut Microbiome Play?

Resveratrol and its glucosides can also undergo transformation by intestinal microorganisms.

Human studies have identified microbial metabolites such as dihydroresveratrol-related compounds after resveratrol-containing interventions.

Microbial metabolism adds another layer of person-to-person variability.

Two people consuming the same food or supplement may therefore differ in:

• absorption timing;
• phase-II metabolite concentrations;
• microbial transformation;
• urinary metabolite profiles; and
• overall systemic exposure.

Resveratrol Benefits: What Has Human Research Actually Shown?

Resveratrol is one of the most heavily studied dietary polyphenols.

That large publication count can make the evidence appear more settled than it actually is.

A comprehensive 2024 systematic review identified nearly 200 clinical studies of purified resveratrol conducted over approximately two decades across at least 24 different health indications.

Despite that volume of research, the authors concluded that there was still insufficient conclusive clinical evidence to recommend resveratrol for any healthcare indication.

There was also no consensus clinical dose or treatment regimen.

This is the most important context for interpreting claims about “resveratrol benefits.”

Why So Many Studies Produce Uncertain Conclusions

Resveratrol trials differ enormously in:

• participant health status;
• age;
• dose;
• formulation;
• treatment duration;
• baseline metabolic status;
• medications;
• primary outcomes; and
• study size.

Many trials are relatively small and measure biomarkers rather than clinical outcomes.

That makes broad statements such as “resveratrol improves heart health” or “resveratrol slows aging” much stronger than the overall human evidence permits.

Glucose & Metabolic Research

Resveratrol has been studied extensively in people with diabetes, metabolic syndrome, obesity, insulin resistance, and related metabolic conditions.

Several meta-analyses have reported changes in selected measurements such as fasting glucose, insulin-related measures, HbA1c, or lipids in particular populations.

Other analyses have reported null findings for some of those same endpoints.

Results also appear to differ between people with established metabolic disorders and metabolically healthy participants.

This evidence does not establish that resveratrol-containing foods treat diabetes or that Concord grape concentrate provides the doses used in supplement trials.

Blood Pressure & Vascular Research

Human studies have examined resveratrol in relation to:

• systolic and diastolic blood pressure;
• endothelial function;
• arterial measurements;
• blood lipids;
• platelet-related outcomes; and
• other cardiovascular biomarkers.

Some pooled analyses have reported modest differences in selected outcomes, sometimes particularly at higher supplemental doses or in specific populations.

But findings are heterogeneous and do not establish resveratrol as a substitute for established cardiovascular treatment.

Research on Concord grape juice should also be kept separate because grape juice delivers a complex mixture of flavonoids and other polyphenols rather than an isolated dose of resveratrol.

Cognitive Research

Resveratrol has also been studied in human cognition trials.

A systematic review and meta-analysis of 10 randomized studies found a mixed literature:

• three studies reported improvement in some cognitive measures;
• two reported mixed findings; and
• five reported no effect.

Pooled analyses suggested possible effects on a limited number of outcomes, but the authors concluded that the literature remained inconsistent and limited.

This is not evidence that resveratrol prevents dementia or that resveratrol-containing grape foods improve memory.

Exercise Research

Resveratrol is sometimes marketed alongside exercise because laboratory research links it with mitochondrial and cellular signaling pathways.

Human results are not consistently additive.

In one randomized study of 27 inactive older men undergoing high-intensity exercise training, participants received either placebo or 250 mg of trans-resveratrol daily for eight weeks.

Exercise improved several cardiovascular measures, but some improvements were actually smaller in the resveratrol group.

The study is a useful reminder that a compound showing promising mechanisms in preclinical research does not necessarily enhance the effects of a proven lifestyle intervention.

Does Resveratrol Activate SIRT1?

Resveratrol became famous partly because experimental studies linked it with SIRT1, a member of the sirtuin family involved in cellular regulation and metabolism.

This helped create widespread descriptions of resveratrol as a “longevity molecule.”

The human evidence is much less straightforward.

This does not mean SIRT1 research is irrelevant.

It does mean that the common statement “resveratrol activates the human longevity gene” is much too definitive.

Does Resveratrol Extend Human Lifespan?

There is no controlled human evidence demonstrating that resveratrol extends human lifespan.

Much of the original longevity interest came from:

• yeast and other simple organisms;
• cell experiments;
• animal models;
• calorie-restriction-related signaling research; and
• sirtuin-related mechanistic studies.

Those experiments are scientifically useful but do not establish an anti-aging effect in people.

Human studies typically measure biomarkers, metabolic endpoints, physical function, cognition, or other short- to medium-term outcomes rather than lifespan.

What Does Research in Older Adults Show?

A 2024 systematic review evaluated randomized trials of resveratrol supplementation in older adults.

The studies reported a mixture of positive, neutral, and occasionally potentially unfavorable findings depending on the population and outcome.

For example, some trials examining exercise, muscle function, cognition, or functional limitation reported selected improvements, while others found no advantage over placebo.

The review concluded that optimal dose, long-term effects, and potential medication interactions still require better study.

That mixed pattern is more informative than describing resveratrol simply as an “anti-aging supplement.”

What About Cancer Research?

Resveratrol has an extensive cancer-research literature.

Much of that work involves:

• cultured cancer cells;
• animal models;
• cell-cycle pathways;
• apoptosis;
• inflammatory signaling;
• enzyme activity; and
• other molecular mechanisms.

These studies can help researchers investigate potential drug targets and biological mechanisms.

They do not establish that dietary resveratrol, grapes, grape juice, or FruitFast Concord Grape Juice Concentrate prevents or treats cancer.

Why Meta-Analysis Does Not Automatically Mean “Proven”

Resveratrol provides an unusually good example of this evidence-literacy problem.

A 2024 methodological review evaluated 51 published resveratrol meta-analyses.

Only 23 of the 51 first-listed primary outcomes were positive.

More importantly, 44 of the 51 meta-analyses were rated critically low in methodological quality using the investigators' assessment framework.

This does not mean every meta-analysis is invalid.

It means readers should examine:

• which trials were pooled;
• sample sizes;
• risk of bias;
• heterogeneity;
• population differences;
• dose differences;
• publication bias;
• whether a protocol was registered; and
• whether the outcome was clinical or merely a biomarker.

A meta-analysis can only be as informative as the studies and methodology behind it.

Resveratrol Supplements vs. Resveratrol in Food

Purified resveratrol supplements and resveratrol-containing foods are fundamentally different interventions.

A study using 500 mg of purified trans-resveratrol therefore cannot be used to claim that a serving of grape juice produces the same exposure or outcome.

Likewise, a grape-juice study should not be described as though the participants consumed isolated resveratrol.

How Processing Affects Resveratrol

Resveratrol chemistry can change during food processing and storage.

Important factors include:

• fruit tissue — skins can differ from pulp and seeds;
• crushing and pressing — influence skin extraction;
• clarification — can remove phenolic-containing solids;
• filtration — can alter the final stilbene profile;
• light — can influence stability and trans/cis isomerization;
• oxygen — can contribute to chemical change;
• temperature;
• fermentation, when applicable;
• storage time; and
• analytical method.

Studies of grape processing have shown that pressing method can materially influence total stilbene concentrations.

That is another reason published composition values should not be transferred from one grape juice to another.

Does Grape Juice Concentrate Contain Resveratrol?

A grape juice concentrate made from juice containing resveratrol-related compounds can contain resveratrol or related stilbenes from the starting juice.

However, the amount in a finished concentrate depends on:

• grape species and cultivar;
• growing conditions;
• fruit maturity;
• skin contact;
• pressing method;
• clarification and filtration;
• starting juice composition;
• concentration process;
• heat and light exposure;
• storage conditions;
• age of the finished product; and
• analytical method.

Without finished-product analytical testing, FruitFast should not assign a particular trans-resveratrol, total-resveratrol, piceid, or total-stilbene concentration to FruitFast Concord Grape Juice Concentrate based solely on published values for raw grapes or another grape juice.

Likewise, FruitFast should not describe the finished concentrate as “high in,” “rich in,” or a “potent source of” resveratrol without appropriate product-specific data.

Brix does not measure resveratrol.

A Brix value measures soluble solids. It does not directly quantify resveratrol, piceid, anthocyanins, flavonoids, or total polyphenols.

How Is Resveratrol Measured?

Laboratories generally use chromatographic techniques to distinguish resveratrol from related stilbenes.

Methods can include:

• high-performance liquid chromatography, or HPLC;
• ultra-performance liquid chromatography, or UPLC;
• UV or diode-array detection;
• fluorescence detection;
• liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry; and
• tandem mass spectrometry.

Laboratories may report:

• trans-resveratrol alone;
• cis-resveratrol;
• trans-piceid;
• cis-piceid;
• total resveratrol equivalents;
• individual stilbenes; or
• total stilbenes.

Those measurements are not automatically interchangeable.

Do Total Polyphenols Tell You How Much Resveratrol Is Present?

No.

Total-polyphenol assays measure broad chemical properties and do not identify resveratrol specifically.

Likewise:

• total antioxidants are not resveratrol;
• total flavonoids are not resveratrol;
• total anthocyanins are not resveratrol;
• total stilbenes do not necessarily equal free trans-resveratrol; and
• Brix is not resveratrol concentration.

A resveratrol claim requires a method capable of specifically identifying and quantifying the relevant compound or compounds.

Is Resveratrol Safe?

Resveratrol occurs naturally in commonly consumed plant foods.

Ordinary food exposure should be distinguished from purified supplements that may provide hundreds of milligrams or more per dose.

A 2024 systematic review of purified-resveratrol clinical trials reported that resveratrol was generally well tolerated at doses up to approximately 1 gram per day in the clinical literature reviewed.

That observation should not be interpreted as a universal recommended dose or proof of long-term safety for every individual.

Long-term evidence remains less extensive than short-term supplementation data, and medication interactions, health conditions, formulation, and dose can all matter.

People considering concentrated resveratrol supplements—particularly those who are pregnant, breastfeeding, managing a medical condition, preparing for surgery, or taking medications—should discuss individual questions with an appropriate healthcare professional.

Frequently Asked Questions About Resveratrol

How to Evaluate Resveratrol Research

When reading a resveratrol study, first identify exactly what researchers tested.

A study may involve:

• purified trans-resveratrol;
• cis-resveratrol;
• piceid or polydatin;
• a grape extract;
• Concord grape juice;
• red wine;
• whole grapes;
• a multi-ingredient supplement;
• a cell-culture experiment; or
• an animal model.

These interventions are not interchangeable.

It is also useful to consider:

• Compound identity — Was trans-resveratrol actually measured?
• Chemical form — Free resveratrol or glucose-bound piceid?
• Dose — Food-level exposure or hundreds of milligrams from a supplement?
• Food matrix — Purified compound, grape juice, extract, or whole fruit?
• Study type — Laboratory, animal, observational, pharmacokinetic, or randomized human trial?
• Population — Healthy participants or people selected for a clinical condition?
• Bioavailability — Was free resveratrol measured, or were metabolites measured?
• Other compounds — Did the intervention also contain anthocyanins, flavan-3-ols, proanthocyanidins, alcohol, or other ingredients?
• Outcome — Molecular signaling, a biomarker, cognitive test, symptoms, or a clinical event?
• Evidence quality — Were the findings replicated in adequately powered studies?

A change in SIRT1 signaling in cultured cells, detection of a resveratrol metabolite in plasma, a small change in a biomarker, and prevention of disease are very different levels of evidence.

FruitFast Fruit Connected to This Research

The product below is relevant because Concord grapes are an established dietary source of resveratrol-related stilbenes. This link is provided as fruit/product navigation—not as a claim that the finished product contains a specific quantified resveratrol amount or reproduces outcomes from purified-resveratrol clinical trials.

Concord Grape Juice Concentrate →
Concord grapes contain a diverse mixture of polyphenols, including anthocyanins, flavonoids, proanthocyanidins, phenolic compounds, and resveratrol-related stilbenes.

Continue Exploring Grape & Fruit Polyphenols

Polyphenols in Fruit →
See how stilbenes such as resveratrol fit alongside flavonoids, phenolic acids, tannins, and other plant phenolics.

Anthocyanins →
Explore the red, purple, and blue pigments that make up a much larger portion of the polyphenol profile in many dark grape products.

Proanthocyanidins →
Learn about the condensed tannins found in grape skins and seeds and how they differ from resveratrol.

Tannins →
Explore condensed and hydrolyzable tannins, a chemically distinct group of grape and fruit polyphenols.

Antioxidants, Free Radicals & Oxidative Stress →
Understand why laboratory antioxidant activity does not automatically establish a human health outcome.

Fruit Compound Library →
Browse FruitFast educational guides to polyphenols, pigments, tannins, phenolic acids, nutrients, and other naturally occurring compounds.

Health Information & Fruit Nutrition Research →
Explore the broader FruitFast research and nutrition library.

Scientific References & Sources

The publications below are provided so readers can examine resveratrol chemistry, food sources, grape composition, pharmacokinetics, human supplementation, SIRT1 research, cognition, and evidence quality. Findings involving purified resveratrol, grapes, juice, wine, supplements, metabolites, laboratory models, or specific clinical populations should not automatically be applied to another preparation or FruitFast product.

1. Burns J, Yokota T, Ashihara H, Lean MEJ, Crozier A. Plant foods and herbal sources of resveratrol. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry. 2002;50(11):3337-3340. doi:10.1021/jf0112973. PMID: 12010007.

2. Riccio BVF, Spósito L, Carvalho GC, Ferrari PC, Chorilli M. Resveratrol isoforms and conjugates: A review from biosynthesis in plants to elimination from the human body. Archiv der Pharmazie. 2020;353(12):e2000146. doi:10.1002/ardp.202000146. PMID: 32886393.

3. Walle T, Hsieh F, DeLegge MH, Oatis JE Jr, Walle UK. High absorption but very low bioavailability of oral resveratrol in humans. Drug Metabolism and Disposition. 2004;32(12):1377-1382. doi:10.1124/dmd.104.000885. PMID: 15333514.

4. Romero-Pérez AI, Ibern-Gómez M, Lamuela-Raventós RM, de La Torre-Boronat MC. Piceid, the major resveratrol derivative in grape juices. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry. 1999;47(4):1533-1536. doi:10.1021/jf981024g. PMID: 10564012.

5. Stalmach A, Edwards CA, Wightman JD, Crozier A. Identification of (poly)phenolic compounds in Concord grape juice and their metabolites in human plasma and urine after juice consumption. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry. 2011;59(17):9512-9522. doi:10.1021/jf2015039. PMID: 21812481.

6. Brown K, Theofanous D, Britton RG, et al. Resveratrol for the Management of Human Health: How Far Have We Come? A Systematic Review of Resveratrol Clinical Trials to Highlight Gaps and Opportunities. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2024;25(2):747. doi:10.3390/ijms25020747. PMID: 38255828.

7. Lu C, Ke L, Zhang Q, et al. Quality of systematic reviews with meta-analyses of resveratrol: A methodological systematic review. Phytotherapy Research. 2024;38(1):11-21. doi:10.1002/ptr.8025. PMID: 37767776.

8. Mansouri F, Feliziani G, Bordoni L, Gabbianelli R. Impact of Resveratrol Supplementation on Human Sirtuin 1: A GRADE-Assessed Systematic Review and Dose-Response Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics. 2025;125(9):1299-1314.e1. doi:10.1016/j.jand.2025.03.011. PMID: 40158656.

9. Marx W, Kelly JT, Marshall S, et al. Effect of resveratrol supplementation on cognitive performance and mood in adults: a systematic literature review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Nutrition Reviews. 2018;76(6):432-443. doi:10.1093/nutrit/nuy010. PMID: 29596658.

10. Gliemann L, Schmidt JF, Olesen J, et al. Resveratrol blunts the positive effects of exercise training on cardiovascular health in aged men. Journal of Physiology. 2013;591(20):5047-5059. doi:10.1113/jphysiol.2013.258061. PMID: 23878368.

11. Yadegar S, Mohammadi F, Yadegar A, et al. Effects and safety of resveratrol supplementation in older adults: A comprehensive systematic review. Phytotherapy Research. 2024;38(5):2448-2461. doi:10.1002/ptr.8171. PMID: 38433010.

About This Guide

This page is provided for general educational purposes. Research involving resveratrol, trans-resveratrol, cis-resveratrol, piceid, purified supplements, grapes, grape juice, wine, extracts, metabolites, biomarkers, laboratory models, or specific human populations should not be assumed to establish the same effect for another food, product, or individual.

References to resveratrol in Concord grapes or grape juice describe compounds reported in the fruit or preparation actually studied and should not be interpreted as quantitative claims about FruitFast Concord Grape Juice Concentrate unless that finished product has been specifically analyzed.

Descriptions of laboratory antioxidant, metabolic, cardiovascular, neurological, longevity-related, inflammatory, cellular, or other biological activity should not be interpreted as claims that a FruitFast product produces those effects.

Human research involving purified resveratrol supplements should not be interpreted as evidence that a grape food or FruitFast product delivers the same dose, bioavailability, or outcome.

This information is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease and should not be interpreted as medical advice.